Tyrosinase contains copper ions, and insufficient copper ions will greatly weaken the activity of tyrosinase, thereby affecting the generation of melanin
Furthermore, the inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-, IL-1) linked to UPF consumption may further contribute to elevated levels of insulin resistance as well as to the development and progression of atherosclerotic disease through both endothelial damage and dysfunction, which is mediated through various signaling pathways, including TLR, and Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) (4043)
Beyond inositols, cellular energy production relies heavily on Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), a lipid-soluble antioxidant that resides deep within the mitochondria
In terms of monitoring, it is advisable to conduct monthly tests for B12, Hcy and MMA during the initial 6 months, followed by tests every 36 months in LCIG patients (Jia et al