ADHD, smoking withdrawal, and inhibitory control: results of a Neuroimaging Study with methylphenidate challenge
The following factors were included as covariates for potential confounders or risk factors: sex (male or female), grade (7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, or 12th), academic performance (high, middle, or low), area of residence (metropolitan, urban, or rural), residence type (living with or without family), economic status (high, middle, or low), subjective health condition (healthy, normal, or unhealthy), physical activity over 1 h and five times per week (yes or no), drinking experience (yes or no), smoking status (never, ex-smoker, or current smoker), sleep satisfaction (satisfied, regular, or unsatisfied), stress perception (high, middle, or low), depressive symptoms in the past 12 months (yes or no), and year (2020, 2021, 2022, or 2023)
These symptoms normally continue for one to three months after you quit smoking
More than 80% of Black smokers use menthols, according to the Food and Drug Administration